Reform means to put or change into an improved form or condition; to amend or improve by change of color or removal of faults or abuses, beneficial change, more specifically, reversion to a pure original state, to repair, restore or to correct.

Reform is generally distinguished from revolution. The latter means basic or radical change; whereas reform may be no more than fine tuning, or at most redressing serious wrongs without altering the fundamentals of the system. Reform seeks to improve the system as it stands, never to overthrow it wholesale. Radicals on the other hand, seek to improve the system, but try to overthrow whether it be the government or a group of people themselves.

Rotation in office or term limits would, by contrast, be more revolutionary, in altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.

The UK government frequently uses the term "reform" to describe changes to public services, such as the National Health Service. However, these changes are not universally accepted as beneficial.

Developing countries may carry out a wide range of reforms to improve their living standards, often with support from international financial institutions and aid agencies. This can include reforms to macroeconomic policy, the civil service, and public financial management.

Re-form

A note about grammar: when used to describe something which is ''physically'' formed again, such as re-casting it in a mold/mould, or a band that gets back together, the proper term is re-form (with a hyphen), not "reform".

See also

Economic reform

Wall Street reform

References

External links

Category:Philosophical concepts

da:Reform de:Reform fa:اصلاح‌طلبی hr:Reforma kk:Реформа lt:Reforma ja:革新 no:Reform nn:Reform pl:Reforma ru:Реформа simple:Reform sk:Reforma sv:Reform tr:İnkılap uk:Реформа

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
Name	Mark Lloyd
Office	FCC Chief Diversity Officer
Term start	August 4, 2009
Successor	Incumbent
Office2	FCC Associate General Counsel
Successor2	Incumbent
Nationality	American
Partner
Footnotes	}}

Mark Lloyd is the associate general counsel and Chief Diversity Officer at the Federal Communications Commission of the United States. He was previously the vice president for strategic initiatives at the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights. Lloyd was also an affiliate professor at the Georgetown Public Policy Institute, and in the years from 2002-2004 Lloyd was a visiting lecturer at MIT where he conducted research and taught about communications policy.

Education

Mark Lloyd has an undergraduate degree from the University of Michigan and a law degree from the Georgetown University Law Center.

Professional career

NBC, ''broadcast journalist'' CNN, ''broadcast journalist'' Benton Foundation, ''General Counsel'' Dow, Lohnes & Albertson, ''Communications Attorney'' Civil Rights Forum on Communications Policy Georgetown Public Policy Institute, ''Affiliate Professor'' Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002–2004, ''Martin Luther King Jr. Visiting Scholar'' Center for American Progress, through 2007, ''Senior Fellow'' Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, 2008–2009, ''Vice President for Strategic Initiatives''

Federal Communications Commission, current, ''Associate General Counsel'', ''Chief Diversity Officer''

Board seats

(incomplete list) Independent Television Service OMB Watch Center for Democracy and Technology Leadership Conference on Civil Rights Education Fund

Consultancies

Clinton Administration John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Open Society Institute The Smithsonian Institution

Controversy

Lloyd has been targeted by conservative commentators such as Glenn Beck, with the aim of forcing him to resign, as happened with former White House advisor Van Jones.

Beck broadcast a short video of Lloyd's comments at a 2008 conference on media reform. Lloyd described the importance of media in Rwanda and Venezuela. He referred to the events in Venezuela as "an incredible revolution." This clip was used to claim that Lloyd generally supports Chavez. Lloyd has stated that he does not support Chavez. Over 50 public interest groups have defended Lloyd, calling conservative claims "false and misleading."

Publications

''Prologue to a Farce, Communication and Democracy in America'', University of Illinois Press (Urbana: 2006).

References

Category:African American lawyers Category:African American journalists Category:Federal Communications Commission Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) Category:Obama Administration personnel Category:University of Michigan alumni Category:Georgetown University Law Center alumni Category:Georgetown University faculty

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Graham Paul
birth date	May 15, 1947
birth place	St. Neots, Cambridgeshire, England
sport	Fencing
show-medals	yes }}

Graham Paul (born 15 May 1947) is a British fencer. He competed at the 1968, 1972, 1976 and 1984 Summer Olympics.

References

Category:1947 births Category:Living people Category:British fencers Category:Olympic fencers of Great Britain Category:Fencers at the 1968 Summer Olympics Category:Fencers at the 1972 Summer Olympics Category:Fencers at the 1976 Summer Olympics Category:Fencers at the 1984 Summer Olympics Category:People from St Neots

{{Infobox MP | honorific-prefix = | name = Catherine Delahunty | honorific-suffix = MP | image = Catherine Delahunty.jpg | constituency_MP = Green Party List | parliament = New Zealand | majority = | predecessor = | successor = | term_start = 2008 | term_end = | order2 = 4^th Female co-convenor of the Green Party | leader2 = Jeanette Fitzsimons and Rod Donald | alongside2 = :

Political life

Delahunty was co-convenor of the Green Party from 2003 to 2005. She has been placed high on the Greens' list for several years, just missing getting into Parliament on several occasions.

Delahunty was placed at number eight on the Green Party list for the 2008 election. She was elected as a Green Party MP and gained the fourth highest number of candidate votes in the East Coast electorate. In 2011 Delahunty was ranked at number 4 on the final Greens list for the 2011 general elections.

In June 2009 Delahunty's Customs and Excise (Sustainable Forestry) Amendment Bill, which would have prohibited the import of timber produced unsustainably or illegally, was drawn from the member's ballot. The bill was defeated at its first reading.

Delahunty contributes to the Greens' blog, Frogblog.

References

External links

Green Party - MP biography for Catherine Delahunty

Category:1953 births Category:Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand MPs Category:Living people Category:New Zealand women in politics Category:New Zealand list MPs

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Juan Williams
birth date
birth place	Colón, Panama
occupation	Author, journalist
education	Haverford College
credits	CNN ''Crossfire''''Fox News Sunday''National Public Radio
url	}}

Juan Williams (born April 10, 1954) is an American journalist and political analyst for Fox News Channel. He also writes for several newspapers including ''The Washington Post'', ''The New York Times'', and ''The Wall Street Journal'' and has been published in magazines such as ''The Atlantic Monthly'' and ''Time''. He was a senior news analyst for National Public Radio (NPR) from 1999 until October 2010. At ''The Washington Post'' for 23 years, Williams has worked as an editorial writer, op-ed columnist, White House correspondent and national correspondent.

Williams is the author of ''Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954-1965'' (1988), a companion to the documentary series of the same name about the African-American Civil Rights Movement;''Thurgood Marshall: American Revolutionary'' (2000), a biography of Thurgood Marshall, the first black American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States; and ''Enough'' (2006), which was inspired by Bill Cosby's speech at the NAACP gala, and deals with Williams' critique of black leaders in America, and as he puts it the "culture of failure." Williams has received an Emmy Award and critical praise for his television documentary work and he has won several awards for investigative journalism and his opinion columns.

Early years

Williams was born in Colon, Panama, near the Canal Zone. His father, Roger, a boxing trainer, and his mother, Alma, a seamstress, raised him in the Episcopal Church. When he was four years old, his family immigrated to the Bedford-Stuyvesant neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York. In high school, Williams earned a scholarship to attend Oakwood Friends School in Poughkeepsie, New York, where he became clerk of the student body, editor of the student paper and was captain of the baseball, cross-country and championship basketball teams. Williams then received a scholarship to Haverford College, where he graduated with a B.A. in philosophy in 1976.

Career

During college, Williams worked for three years as a reporter intern for the ''Philadelphia Bulletin''. He also earned a Dow-Jones Newspaper Fund Award for outstanding young journalists and worked for a summer as an editor at the ''Providence Journal'' before returning to finish college.

Washington Post

After graduation, he won an internship at ''The Washington Post'' and worked at the paper from 1976 to 2000. During his tenure at the ''Post'', he held several positions, including metropolitan staff writer. While on the local staff he wrote a prize winning 6 part series on the problems in the DC public schools that was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize. His investigative reporting on corruption in Mayor Marion Barry’s administration also won several awards. He later served on the Post’s national staff as a political analyst covering every major political campaign from 1980 to 2000. Additionally, Williams also wrote as the paper’s White House correspondent, as an editorial writer, op-ed columnist and for the ''Post Sunday Magazine''.

While at the ''Post'' he became a regular panelist on ''Inside Washington'', a weekly Washington political affairs program. From 1990 until 1996, he occasionally filled in as a substitute co-host on the CNN program ''Crossfire''. He also regularly appeared on ''Capital Gang Sunday''. In 1996, Williams became host of the syndicated television program ''America's Black Forum'' which included regular panelists Julian Bond, Niger Innis, Deborah Mathis and Armstrong Williams.

Some days after Williams wrote a column defending Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas against sworn testimony by Professor Anita Hill about sexual harassment by Thomas, it was revealed that multiple female employees of the ''Post'' had filed sexual harassment charges against Williams. The paper took disciplinary action against Williams and published an apology by him. On November 2, 1991, Williams wrote: "It pained me to learn during the investigation that I had offended some of you. I have said so repeatedly in the last few weeks, and repeat here: some of my verbal conduct was wrong, I now know that, and I extend my sincerest apology to those whom I offended."

National Public Radio

Williams joined NPR in 2000 as host of the daily afternoon talk show ''Talk of the Nation''. He then served as senior national correspondent for NPR, interviewing newsmakers as well as providing analysis of major events in interviews with the anchors for the newsmagazines ''Morning Edition'', ''All Things Considered'' and ''Weekend Edition'' Saturday and Sunday. As a result of Williams' commentary on the Fox News Channel, NPR's President and CEO Vivian Schiller requested that Fox stop identifying him as an NPR host in 2009. NPR Ombudsman Alicia Shepard maintained that: "Williams tends to speak one way on NPR and another on Fox." Williams' comment on January 26, 2009, to Bill O’Reilly and Mary Katharine Ham, while appearing on Fox News' O'Reilly Factor, triggered the move.

NPR terminated his contract on Wednesday, October 20, 2010, two days after he made remarks on ''The O'Reilly Factor''. He had commented, "Look, Bill, I'm not a bigot. You know the kind of books I've written about the civil rights movement in this country. But when I get on the plane, I got to tell you, if I see people who are in Muslim garb and I think, you know, they are identifying themselves first and foremost as Muslims, I get worried. I get nervous." According to NPR, the remarks were "inconsistent with our editorial standards and practices, and undermined his credibility as a news analyst with NPR." As to the reason for the termination of Williams' contract, NPR’s President and CEO Vivian Schiller offered the following comment: "News analysts may not take personal public positions on controversial issues; doing so undermines their credibility as analysts..." On October 21, 2010, Schiller told an audience at the Atlanta Press Club that Williams' feelings about Muslims should be between him and "his psychiatrist or his publicist—take your pick." Schiller later apologized stating, "I spoke hastily and I apologize to Juan and others for my thoughtless remark."

Some observers have questioned whether NPR actually fired Williams for making the comments on Fox News, as opposed to making them in another forum. William Saletan of Slate.com compared the Williams situation to that of Shirley Sherrod, saying that both Sherrod and Williams had their words taken out of context in a way that made them appear racist and led to the loss of their jobs, except that Williams was victimized by liberals, rather than conservatives as in Sherrod's case. Saletan said that while Williams' confessed fears of Muslims were "unsettling", the context was Williams' argument that such fears should not be used to curtail the rights of Muslims or anyone else, and that Williams consistently argued that Muslims in general should not be blamed for the terrorist activities of Muslim extremists. NPR has been criticized by Williams and others for practicing a double standard in the firing, compared to their not firing Cokie Roberts, Nina Totenberg and other NPR reporters and analysts for their opinionated statements.

On January 6, 2011, the same day NPR's Board concluded the investigation of Williams' firing, NPR's senior vice-president, Ellen Weiss, who according to Williams had fired him over the phone, resigned from her post. Additionally, the NPR Board decided to cancel the 2010 bonus of CEO Vivian Schiller for her poor handling of the Williams case.

Juan Williams commented: "It's good news for NPR if they can get someone who is the keeper of the flame of liberal orthodoxy out of NPR." "She had an executioner's knife for anybody who didn't abide by her way of thinking," he said. "And I think she represented a very ingrown, incestuous culture in that institution that's not open to not only different ways of thinking, but angry at the fact that I would even talk or be on Fox."

Fox News Channel

He has been a Fox News Contributor since 1997. He has appeared on ''Special Report with Bret Baier'' and ''FOX News Sunday with Chris Wallace''. He also regularly appears on ''The O'Reilly Factor'' and has served as a guest host in O'Reilly's absence. After NPR announced his termination from their network in October 2010, Fox News offered him a new $2 million (a "considerable" raise), three-year contract and an expanded role at their network that includes a regular guest-host role Friday nights on ''The O'Reilly Factor''.

Following his firing from NPR, Williams appeared on ''The O'Reilly Factor'' and discussed his thoughts on how his role at Fox played into NPR's decision: "I don't fit in their box. I'm not predictable black liberal. You [O'Reilly] were exactly right when you said you know what this comes down to. They were looking for a reason to get rid of me because I'm appearing on Fox News. They don't want me talking to you."

Television

Williams is the recipient of an Emmy Award for his work in television documentary writing and has earned critical praise for a series of television documentaries including ''Politics: The New Black Power'', ''A. Philip Randolph: For Jobs and Freedom'', ''Civil Rights and The Press'', ''Riot to Recovery'' and ''Dying for Healthcare''.

He was the scriptwriter for Oprah Winfrey’s primetime special ''No One Dies Alone''.

Williams' 1988 book, ''Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–65'', was written with the Blackside production team as a companion to the first season of the PBS series ''Eyes on the Prize''. His 2003 book, ''This Far by Faith'', is also a companion to a PBS series.

Williams is a contributor to a number of national magazines, including ''Fortune'', ''The New Republic'', ''The Atlantic Monthly'', ''Ebony magazine'', ''TIME'' and ''GQ'' and frequents a wide range of television programs including ABC's ''Nightline'', ''Washington Week'' on PBS, and ''The Oprah Winfrey Show''.

Williams has spoken at the Smithsonian’s celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Supreme Court’s ''Brown v. Board of Education'' decision, which ended legal segregation in public schools, and was selected by the United States Census Bureau as moderator of its first program beginning its 2010 effort. He has received honorary doctorates from Lafayette College, Wittenberg University, and Long Island University, among other institutions.

Personal life

Williams married Susan Delise in July 1978 and they have a daughter, Rae, and two sons, Antonio (Tony) and Raphael. Their son, Tony, who was a Senate page and intern for GOP Senator Strom Thurmond from 1996 to 1997, was a speechwriter and legislative correspondent for GOP Senator Norm Coleman from 2004 to 2006, and in 2006 ran for Council of the District of Columbia, losing to Tommy Wells. Their younger son, Raffi, is currently studying anthropology and playing lacrosse at Haverford College in Pennsylvania.

Williams has previously been active on the Haverford College Board of Trustees, the Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program, the Washington Journalism Center and the New York Civil Rights Coalition.

Awards

Williams has received many awards, including honorary doctorates from Haverford College and State University of New York.

Front Page Award, Washington-Baltimore Newspaper Guild (1979)

Education Writers of America (1979)

Columnist of the Year, Washingtonian (1982)

Emmy Award (1989)

Outstanding Memorial Book, Myers Center for the Study of Human Rights in the United States

Best National Book, ''Time''

Political commentary award, American Association of University Women

Selected bibliography

References

External links

Juan Williams: Fox News Biography

A Conversation with Juan Williams — Video from researchchannel.org

Category:1954 births Category:Living people Category:African American journalists Category:African American television personalities Category:African American writers Category:American columnists Category:American Episcopalians Category:American people of Panamanian descent Category:American political pundits Category:American political writers Category:American radio journalists Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Haverford College alumni Category:The Washington Post journalists Category:Fox News Channel people